• Topic   
  • Audio Engineering
  • Compositional Practice and Technique
  • Conducting Methods and Techniques
  • Ecocriticism and Ecomusicology
  • Ethnomusicology
  • Music Business, Institutions and Organizations
  • Music Criticism and Journalism
  • Music Education and Pedagogy
  • Music Theory and Analysis
  • Music and Law
  • Music and Medicine
  • Musical Concepts, Genres, and Terms
  • Musical Sources and Bibliographies
  • Musical Works
  • Musicology and Music History
  • Organology
  • Peoples and Music Cultures
  • Performance Practice
  • Philosophy of Music
  • Reception History
  • Sound Studies
  • Voice

  • Browse All

• Instrument   
  • Aerophones (Blown Instruments)
  • Chordophones (Stringed Instruments)
  • Corporeal Techniques (Body Sounds)
  • Electronic Instruments
  • Idiophones (Instrument Body Percussion)
  • Keyboard Instruments
  • Membranophones (Stretched Membrane Percussion)

  • Browse All

• Era   
  • Pre- and Early Medieval (before 800)
  • Medieval (800-1400)
  • 15th c./Early Renaissance (1400-1500)
  • 16th c./High Renaissance (1500-1600)
  • 17th c./Early to mid-Baroque (1600-1700)
  • Early 18th c./Late Baroque (1700-1750)
  • Late 18th c./Classical (1750-1800)
  • 19th c. /Romantic (1800-1900)
  • 20th c. (1900-2000)
  • 21st c. (2000-present)

  • Browse All

• Region   
  • Africa
  • Antarctic region
  • Asia
  • Europe
  • Oceania
  • The Americas

  • Browse All

• Place Type   
  • Building/Structure
  • City
  • Country
  • Region
  • Site
  • State

  • Browse All

• Occupation   
  • Artist
  • Choreographer
  • Collector or Curator
  • Composer or Arranger
  • Critic or Journalist
  • Donor or Patron
  • Instrument Maker
  • Librarian or Archivist
  • Librettist or Lyricist
  • Music Educator
  • Music Manager or Administrator
  • Music Technologist or Audio Engineer
  • Performer
  • Publisher or Editor
  • Religious or Ritual Musician
  • Scholar
  • Scribe or Copyist
  • Stage Designer
  • Stage Director

  • Browse All

Printed from Grove Music Online. Grove is a registered trademark. Under the terms of the licence agreement, an individual user may print out a single article for personal use (for details see Privacy Policy).

date: 21 April 2025