his film Ran (1985), used intercultural music by the composer T ō ru Takemitsu. Indian cinema has long been identified with its non-naturalistic use of song and dance, and Indian Shakespeare films adopt this approach. The troubled romantic expressivity of Hamlet and Ophelia is portrayed in a vocal duet, for example, in the Hindi-language Hamlet directed and written by Kishore Sahu (1954), with music by Ramesh Naidu. Shakespeare has been extensively re-envisioned in modern Indian settings in the work of the director-composer Vishal Bhardwaj, notably in his treatments
